The Mulgrave River is located in the Cairns Region of tropical North Queensland, flowing through the Goldsborough Valley south of Cairns before joining the Russell River system and eventually reaching the coast near Russell Heads. The river offers a range of paddling environments, from the upper freshwater reaches in the Goldsborough Valley to the tidal estuary sections lower in the system.

The primary vehicle access point for the lower river is via Ross Road, off the Bruce Highway at Deeral, where a two-lane concrete boat ramp provides straightforward river access. Facilities at this ramp include public toilets and water for washing down boats, with generally ample parking for cars and trailers, though spaces can fill quickly during peak periods. Paddlers should be aware that the ramp surface accumulates marine algae and slime in the warm tropical climate, making it particularly slippery underfoot. The area can also be inundated during very high tides or flooding events.

The lower river is tidal and relatively shallow in places, with numerous sandbars that require careful navigation. The deeper water channels are typically found along steeper banks. Tidal conditions significantly affect water levels and flow throughout the estuary section, and paddlers should plan trips around tidal cycles accordingly.

Crocodile safety is a critical consideration on the Mulgrave River. The entire river system is recognised crocodile habitat, and caution is essential at all times near the water's edge. Swimming in these waters is strongly discouraged. Discarding fish scraps or cleaning fish at or near the water can attract crocodiles and should be avoided.

The upper Goldsborough Valley section of the river is used for guided river tubing tours, indicating calmer, more accessible water in that area. The lower estuary connects to the Russell River system, with the junction of the two rivers being a notable navigational landmark. From the lower reaches, boat trips can extend toward Russell Heads.

The river sits within a tropical climate zone, and the wet season brings elevated water levels and reduced water clarity in the tidal zones. During the drier, cooler months, the freshwater influence recedes and saltwater penetrates further up the system, which affects conditions throughout the estuary. Paddlers planning trips should account for both tidal and seasonal water level variations when choosing launch points and routes.