Crab Orchard Lake is a 6,965-acre reservoir located in the Crab Orchard National Wildlife Refuge in Williamson County, Illinois. The lake has 125 miles of shoreline and an average depth of 9 feet, with a maximum depth of 25 feet. Paddlers can access the lake via two full-service marinas and approximately a dozen paved and gravel boat launch ramps situated around the shoreline.

A user permit is required to access the refuge and lake. Paddlers should be aware that motorized boats, water skiing, and swimming are also permitted on Crab Orchard Lake. The lake is popular for fishing, with species including largemouth bass, crappie, bluegill, and channel catfish.

Wildlife viewing opportunities abound, as the refuge hosts over 200 bird species including osprey, bald eagles, and various waterfowl. The lake's shoreline remains largely undeveloped due to its location within the wildlife refuge, offering a more natural paddling experience.

Facilities for paddlers include campgrounds near the lake, with Crab Orchard Campground offering 74 sites, most with water and electric hookups. A swim beach is available from Memorial Day to Labor Day.

Water quality is a concern, as there are fish consumption advisories in place due to historical contamination from industrial activities. Paddlers should exercise caution and follow local guidelines regarding water contact.

The refuge offers hiking trails and wildlife viewing opportunities that could complement a paddling trip. Auto tours and special guided excursions are sometimes available to explore areas normally closed to the public.

Paddlers should note that the lake can experience significant drawdowns for maintenance, as occurred in 2021-2022 when the water level was lowered by 4 feet for several months.