Horseshoe Lake in Alexander County, Illinois, offers a unique paddling experience through one of the northernmost natural cypress-tupelo swamps in America. This 2,400-acre shallow oxbow lake, located approximately 7 miles north of Cairo near the confluence of the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers, features a distinctive southern bayou atmosphere rarely found this far north. The lake maintains a constant depth of approximately 4 feet, having been stabilized by a concrete spillway constructed in 1930. Paddlers navigate through 20 miles of shoreline bordered by impressive stands of bald cypress trees with their characteristic "knees," tupelo gum, and swamp cottonwood.

The water access points include boat ramps on both the east and west sides of the lake, with the main access near the spillway and conservation area facilities. The paddling character is generally calm and suitable for novice kayakers and canoeists, though the shallow, muddy bottom and numerous snags from submerged timber require attention. The lake's extensive cypress stands create narrow passages and intimate channels perfect for exploration.

Wild lotus blooms cover sections of the water in June, while red buckeye shrubs add vibrant color to the shoreline in April. Wildlife viewing is exceptional, particularly during fall and winter when up to 150,000 Canada geese winter at the refuge, earning the area its designation as the "goose capital of Illinois." Bald eagles are commonly spotted during winter months, and the lake supports diverse waterfowl populations year-round. Great blue herons wade through the shallows, and numerous songbird species inhabit the surrounding bottomland forest.

Motor restrictions apply with a 10-horsepower limit, though only trolling motors are permitted in the refuge area from October 15 through March 1. The lake occasionally experiences flooding from the Mississippi River, as occurred in 1993 and 2008, which can impact access and water levels. Paddlers should be aware that portions of the lake may have limited access during waterfowl hunting seasons.