The Nepean River in New South Wales offers a range of paddling experiences within easy reach of Sydney, from flat, gentle water suited to beginners and families through to sections with whitewater. The most popular paddling corridor runs from Tench Reserve in Penrith upstream toward Warragamba Dam, a distance of roughly 25km one-way. The water in this section is non-tidal, making it possible to paddle in either direction, though wind direction is worth considering when planning the route.

The primary access point is Tench Reserve in Penrith, which has a three-lane boat ramp that opened in 2019 following a $6.7 million upgrade. The facility includes car and trailer parking, jetties, and lighting. Additional kayak launch decks are available at Regatta Park in Emu Plains, the Nepean Rowing Club on Bruce Neale Drive, and a newer deck on River Road in Leonay — the first launch facility on the southern side of the M4 motorway, providing access to the Nepean Gorge.

For the first 2.5km upstream from Tench Reserve, power boats share the water, and paddlers are advised to stay close to the riverbank to avoid them. Beyond that point, speed limits apply and motorised traffic is less of a concern. The river passes through a gorge and takes on a more isolated character, with several sandy beaches at creek junctions along the way. Norton's Basin at approximately 30km makes a good lunch stop. Beyond Norton's Basin, a rock platform blocks upstream progress; turning right leads into the Warragamba River for just under 2km, ending at a waterfall with views of the Warragamba Dam wall.

The section is rated Grade 1 and is generally flat and gentle in normal conditions. It should not be paddled in strong flows, as tree and log hazards become significant dangers. Quicksand has been encountered on sand flats where creeks enter the river; paddlers are advised to drag their boat rather than walk across these areas. Wildlife along the river includes waterbirds, eagles, osprey, water dragons, turtles, and echidnas.

Further downstream, around Menangle, the river is used for overnight canoe expeditions with access to freshwater swimming holes and camping areas. The Nepean River also forms part of the broader Hawkesbury/Nepean River System Canoe and Kayak Trail, which connects to the Colo and Hawkesbury rivers.