Lago Traful is a freshwater lake in the Los Lagos Department of Neuquén Province, situated within Nahuel Huapi National Park. The lake covers an area of 71.5 square kilometers and stretches approximately 23.5 kilometers in length. Its primary inflows are the Pichi Traful river and the Machico, Cataratas, and Coaco arroyos, while its outflow is the Traful River, which drains into the Limay River and ultimately the Atlantic. Coordinates place it at approximately 40°38′S, 71°25′W.

The lake is notable for its exceptionally clear water and is regarded as one of the most trout-rich lakes in the region. Rainbow trout and brown trout are present, with brown trout recorded up to 29 inches and 9 pounds. A rare landlocked salmon species is also present. Fishing is prohibited within 200 meters of the Bosque Sumergido, a submerged forest that is one of the lake's most distinctive natural features and a protected area within the park.

The Bosque Sumergido and Bahía Grande are the two most prominent destinations for on-water excursions. Bahía Grande is a calm bay with clear water on the far side of the lake and serves as a starting point for a hike to glacial lagoons known as Las Mellizas, which contain rock paintings. Guided lake tours covering both sites are available from local operators based in Villa Traful, and kayak rentals — including single, double, and family configurations — are offered in the area.

Villa Traful, the main settlement on the lake's shore, provides campgrounds, a gas station, and hotels. The access road to the lake area is in poor condition for several kilometers, which is a practical consideration when transporting paddling equipment. A 102-meter-high glacier cliff overlooks the lake and valley, offering a prominent visual landmark from the water.

Because Lago Traful falls within Nahuel Huapi National Park, paddlers should be aware that national park regulations apply, and guided excursions are operated by licensed park guides.