The Richelieu River flows approximately 170 kilometres from the north end of Lake Champlain downstream to the St. Lawrence River at Sorel-Tracy, passing through the Montérégie region of Quebec. It forms an important link in the international "Lakes to Locks" recreational waterway, connecting the Montreal and St. Lawrence area to Lake Champlain and, for those continuing south, to New York State and Vermont. The river's character is generally calm and unhurried through most of its length, with shores dotted by villages, cottages, and marinas that make it well-suited to paddlers of varying experience levels.

One notable exception to the river's otherwise gentle nature is the Chambly rapids, located near the town of Chambly, which are used for whitewater kayaking. Between Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu and Chambly, a stretch of the river is not navigable, and the historic Chambly Canal — completed in 1843 with nine locks — provides an alternative passage for those continuing north. Paddlers should be aware of this non-navigable section when planning longer routes.

The Route Bleue, a designated paddling corridor, runs along the Richelieu and is accessible to beginners as well as those seeking longer outings. Key launch areas include the Île Sainte-Thérèse and the Vieux-Saint-Jean area in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, as well as riverside parks such as Centre-de-plein-air-Ronald-Beauregard and Parc Goyette. The Quai Ryan access point offers free parking, a grassed area with picnic tables, a sandy beach suitable for launching kayaks, canoes, and stand-up paddleboards, and a boat ramp. The Chambly Basin, where the river widens to an almost lake-like expanse, is particularly well-regarded for beginner paddlers.

Paddling routes range from short loops with wildlife observation opportunities to longer trips extending toward the U.S. border. The river corridor passes through areas of historical and cultural significance, including traces of military and colonial heritage. Numerous marinas and quais along the route provide options for resupply and rest stops. The river also offers opportunities to observe local flora and fauna, particularly around Île Sainte-Thérèse.