The Cape Fear River is a major waterway in North Carolina, originating at the confluence of the Haw and Deep rivers near Moncure and flowing southeast for 202 miles before emptying into the Atlantic Ocean near Cape Fear. Its main tributaries include the Black River, Northeast Cape Fear River, and South River. The Cape Fear River Basin covers over 9,000 square miles in central and southeastern North Carolina.

The river offers diverse paddling opportunities across its length. The upper sections from Buckhorn Dam to Lillington feature exciting Class II-III rapids interspersed with calm stretches, ideal for intermediate paddlers. The middle sections from Lillington to Fayetteville transition to mostly flatwater with occasional Class I-II rapids. The lower river becomes a wide, slow-moving coastal plain waterway influenced by tides as it approaches Wilmington. Overall difficulty ranges from flatwater to Class III, with most sections suitable for beginner to intermediate paddlers. However, tidal influences near Wilmington can create challenging conditions requiring more experience. The best paddling is typically from spring to fall, with water levels highest in spring and early summer.

The river corridor supports diverse ecosystems, from piedmont forests to coastal swamps. Wildlife includes alligators, river otters, and numerous bird species. The endangered Cape Fear shiner fish is found in some tributaries. Key landmarks include Raven Rock State Park, historic downtown Fayetteville, and the USS North Carolina battleship in Wilmington. Popular access points include Lillington, Erwin, Fayetteville, and multiple locations in Wilmington.

The Cape Fear played a crucial role in North Carolina's development, serving as a major transportation route since colonial times. Today, it remains vital for commerce, recreation, and wildlife. Safety considerations include checking water levels, being aware of dam releases, and navigating tidal sections carefully. Multi-day trips are possible, with a popular 146-mile route from Lillington to Wilmington taking about a week. For paddlers seeking an epic adventure, the entire navigable length from Jordan Lake Dam to Wilmington covers over 190 miles of varied terrain, offering a comprehensive tour of central and eastern North Carolina's diverse landscapes and ecosystems.